Monday, Fabruary 10, 2025 AD / Sha’ban 11, 1446 AH
Mansoor Hashemi Khorasani
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Saying
 

1 . أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ حَبِيبٍ الطَّبَرِيُّ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ الْمَنْصُورَ الْهَاشِمِيَّ الْخُرَاسَانِيَّ عَنِ اسْتِمَاعِ الْغِنَاءِ، فَقَالَ: إِنَّ أَصْحَابَ الْجَنَّةِ لَا يَسْمَعُونَ لَغْوًا وَلَا تَأْثِيمًا! قُلْتُ: وَمَا اللَّغْوُ؟ قَالَ: صَوْتُ الطَّيْشِ، قُلْتُ: وَمَا التَّأْثِيمُ؟ قَالَ: قَوْلُ الزُّورِ وَلَهْوُ الْحَدِيثِ!

Translation of the saying:

Abdullah ibn Habib al-Tabari informed us, he said: I asked Mansoor Hashemi Khorasani about hearing ghina. He said: “The people of Heaven do not hear any laghw or ta’thim!” I said: “What is laghw?” He said: “The sound of frivolity.” I said: “What is ta’thim?” He said: “Idle speech and diverting talk!”

Explanation of the saying:

His Eminence’s statement, “The people of Heaven do not hear any laghw or ta’thim,” refers to Allah’s words about them, where He has said: ﴿لَا يَسْمَعُونَ فِيهَا لَغْوًا وَلَا تَأْثِيمًا[1]; “They do not hear therein any laghw or ta’thim.” His intended meaning of «صَوْتُ الطَّيْشِ»; “The sound of frivolity” is music that arises from frivolity or incites it, which usually has a fast rhythm and causes the listener to lose his dignity and composure. His intended meaning of «قَوْلُ الزُّورِ وَلَهْوُ الْحَدِيثِ»; “Idle speech and diverting talk” is words and sentences that are considered as examples of disbelief, lies, satire, jokes, insults, mockery, backbiting, or erotic descriptions. Listening to them has negative psychological and educational effects and is therefore not permissible.

2 . أَخْبَرَنَا صَالِحُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ السَّبْزَوَارِيُّ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ الْمَنْصُورَ يَقُولُ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُبْغِضُ كَلِمَةً خَبِيثَةً وَصَوْتًا مُطَرِّبًا، فَلَا تَسْمَعُوهُمَا، وَمَنْ يَسْمَعُهُمَا فَإِنَّمَا يُصَبُّ فِي أُذُنِهِ الْحَمِيمُ، وَلَا تَرْقُصُوا، فَإِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ رَاقِصٌ وَيُحِبُّ الرَّاقِصِينَ!

Translation of the saying:

Salih ibn Muhammad al-Sabzawari informed us, he said: I heard Mansoor say: “Indeed, Allah detests any foul word and joyous sound. So do not listen to those two. And whoever listens to those two, it is only as if boiling water is poured into his ears. And do not dance; because Satan is a dancer and loves dancers!”

Explanation of the saying:

It appears that what His Eminence Mansoor intends from his words “Whoever listens to those two, it is only as if boiling water is poured into his ears” is that “foul word and joyous sound” are like “boiling water”. Therefore, listening to them is like pouring “boiling water” into the ear, which causes serious harm to the body. It is not that the boiling water of Hell is poured into the ears of whoever listens to those two, although that is also probable and could be a visualization of this inappropriate act. Also, his statement about dancing refers to sensual dances that are usually performed at gatherings of sin and involve provocative movements of the erotic zones. It does not refer to certain mystical or local dances that do not have these characteristics, as can be understood from passage 8.

3 . أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الطَّالَقَانِيُّ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ الْمَنْصُورَ يَقُولُ: لَا يَحِلُّ لِمَنْ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ أَنْ يَفْرُشَ أُذُنَيْهِ لِلْكُفْرِ وَلَا لِلْفُسُوقِ وَلَا لِلصَّوْتِ الَّذِي يَسْتَخِفُّهُ، فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ يُوهِنُ عَقْلَهُ وَإِذَا وَهَنَ عَقْلُهُ اقْتَرَنَ بِهِ الشَّيْطَانُ ﴿وَمَنْ يَكُنِ الشَّيْطَانُ لَهُ قَرِينًا فَسَاءَ قَرِينًا[2]!

Translation of the saying:

Ahamad ibn Abd al-Rahman al-Talaqani informed us, he said: I heard Mansoor say: “It is not lawful for one who believes in Allah and the Last Day to extend his ear for disbelief, sin, or any sound that makes him frivolous; because it weakens his intellect, and when his intellect weakens, Satan becomes his companion, ‘and whoever has Satan as his companion has an evil companion!’

4 . أَخْبَرَنَا بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِنَا، قَالَ: كُنْتُ أُصْغِي لِلْغِنَاءِ فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَى الْمَنْصُورِ، فَنَظَرَ إِلَيَّ نَظْرَةً فَقَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى قَالَ لِلشَّيْطَانِ: ﴿وَاسْتَفْزِزْ مَنِ اسْتَطَعْتَ مِنْهُمْ بِصَوْتِكَ[3]، أَتَدْرِي مَا صَوْتُهُ؟ قُلْتُ: لَا جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ، قَالَ: ذَاكَ الْغِنَاءُ يَسْتَفْزِزُ بِهِ مَنْ يُصْغِي لَهُ فَمَنْ أَصْغَى لَهُ فَقَدْ أَصْغَى لِصَوْتِ الشَّيْطَانِ وَإِنَّ صَوْتَهُ يُمْرِضُ الْقَلْبَ وَيَنْقُصُ الْإِيمَانَ وَيَذْهَبُ بِنُورِ الْوَجْهِ، فَإِيَّاكَ أَنْ تُصْغِيَ لِلْغِنَاءِ! ثُمَّ سَكَتَ حَتَّى أَرَدْتُ أَنْ أَقُومَ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ فَقَالَ: إِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ يَتَّخِذُ مِنْكُمْ شَرِيكًا وَوَلَدًا فَانْظُرُوا كَيْفَ تَعْمَلُونَ!

Translation of the saying:

One of our companions informed us, he said: I used to listen to ghina. Then I went to Mansoor. He looked at me and said: “Indeed, Allah Almighty said to Satan: ‘And entice whoever of them you can with your voice.’ Do you know what his voice is?” I said: “No, may I be sacrificed for you.” He said: “It is ghina. With it, he entices anyone who listens to it. So whoever listens to it has listened to the voice of Satan. And his voice sickens the heart, diminishes faith, and removes the light from the face. So beware of listening to ghina!” Then he remained silent until I wanted to leave his presence. Then he said: “Indeed, Satan takes from you a partner and a child. So see how you act!”

5 . أَخْبَرَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الدَّامْغَانِيُّ، قَالَ: نَهَانِيَ الْمَنْصُورُ عَنِ اسْتِمَاعِ الْغِنَاءِ الْمُحَرَّمِ، فَقُلْتُ: وَهَلْ أَعْرِفُ الْغِنَاءَ الْمُحَرَّمَ إِلَّا بَعْدَ اسْتِمَاعِهِ؟! فَقَالَ: اسْتَمِعِ الْقَوْلَ فَإِذَا أَحْسَسْتَ مِنْهُ كُفْرًا أَوْ فُسُوقًا فَأَعْرِضْ عَنْهُ؛ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ: ﴿إِذَا سَمِعْتُمْ آيَاتِ اللَّهِ يُكْفَرُ بِهَا وَيُسْتَهْزَأُ بِهَا فَلَا تَقْعُدُوا مَعَهُمْ[4] وَيَقُولُ: ﴿وَإِذَا سَمِعُوا اللَّغْوَ أَعْرَضُوا عَنْهُ[5]!

Translation of the saying:

Ali ibn Isma’il al-Damghani informed us, he said: Mansoor prohibited me from listening to unlawful music. So I said: “Do I know unlawful music except after listening to it?!” He said: “Listen to any speech. Then, when you feel any disbelief or sin from it, turn away from it. Indeed, Allah Almighty says: ‘When you hear the verses of Allah being denied and mocked, do not sit with them,’ and says: ‘And when they hear laghw, they turn away from it.’

Explanation of the saying:

It is understood from this illuminating saying that the principle regarding listening to speeches, even if they are melodious, is permissibility until it is established that they are unlawful. Therefore, the human being can listen to any melody until he feels disbelief or sin in it. At that point, it becomes obligatory for him to turn away from it.

6 . أَخْبَرَنَا هَاشِمُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الْخُجَنْدِيُّ، قَالَ: كُنْتُ مَعَ الْمَنْصُورِ فِي قَرْيَةٍ فَجَلَسْنَا تَحْتَ شَجَرَةٍ لِنَسْتَرِيحَ سَاعَةً فَجَاءَ مِنْ بَعْضِ الْبُيُوتِ صَوْتٌ مِنَ الْمُوسِيقَى هَادِئٌ لَا كَلَامَ مَعَهُ فَقُلْتُ: جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ، لَوْ شِئْتَ لَمَرَرْنَا! قَالَ: لَا حَرَجَ، قُلْتُ: إِنِّي سَمِعْتُكَ تَنْهَى عَنْ هَذَا، قَالَ: إِنِّي مَا نَهَيْتُ عَنْ هَذَا وَلَكِنِّي نَهَيْتُ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: لَا بَأْسَ بِالْمُوسِيقَى إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ مَعَهَا كَلَامٌ فَإِنَّمَا هِيَ أَصْوَاتٌ كَأَصْوَاتِ الطَّيْرِ وَلَا بَأْسَ بِهَا إِذَا كَانَ مَعَهَا كَلَامُ حَقٍّ، فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ وَلَا تُضَيِّقُوا كَمَا ضَيَّقَ الْخَوَارِجُ!

Translation of the saying:

Hashim ibn Ubaid al-Khujandi informed us, he said: I was with Mansoor in a village. We sat under a tree to rest for a while. Then, from some houses, a sound of soft music came that there were no words with it. I said: “May I be sacrificed for you, if you wish, we can pass by!” He said: “There is nothing wrong (with it).” I said: “I heard you prohibited this.” He said: “I did not prohibit this. Rather, I prohibited what is wrong.” Then he said: “Music, when there are no words with it, is not problematic; because it is sounds like the sounds of birds. And when there are true words with it, it is not problematic. So fear Allah as much as you can, and do not be constricted as the Kharijites were constricted.”

Explanation of the saying:

From this statement of His Eminence, it is inferred that instrumental music is absolutely not problematic. Rather, its ruling is that of the sounds of birds. Similarly, it is understood that music with true words is also not problematic. However, considering the phrase “from some houses, a sound of soft music came” at the beginning of this saying, and considering other sayings, it should be understood as referring to music that is not frivolous, meaning it is not indecent or stimulating.

7 . أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْهَرَوِيُّ، قَالَ: قَالَ لِيَ الْمَنْصُورُ: إِنِّي سَمِعْتُ نَغْمَةً حَسَنَةً لَا لَغْوٌ فِيهَا وَلَا تَأْثِيمٌ، فَحَسِبْتُهَا مِنْ نَغَمَاتِ الْجَنَّةِ! قُلْتُ: أَفَيُعْجِبُكَ شَيْءٌ مِنَ النَّغْمَةِ؟! قَالَ: إِنَّهَا إِذَا اعْتَدَلَتْ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ فِيهَا كِذْبٌ وَلَا هَجْوٌ وَلَا فُحْشٌ وَلَا تَشْبِيبٌ، فَلَا يَكْرَهُهَا إِلَّا الْحِمَارُ!

Translation of the saying:

Muhammad ibn Abd al-Rahman al-Harawi informed us, he said: Mansoor said to me: “I heard a good melody that there was no laghw or sinful talk in it, so I thought it was from the melodies of Heaven!” I said: “Do you like something from the melody?!” He said: “If it is moderate and there is no lie, satire, insult, or erotic descriptions in it, none would dislike it but a donkey!”

8 . أَخْبَرَنَا عِيسَى بْنُ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ الْجُوزَجَانِيُّ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ الْمَنْصُورَ عَنِ النَّغْمَةِ وَالْمُوسِيقَى فِي ذِكْرِ اللَّهِ وَالثَّنَاءِ عَلَيْهِ، فَقَالَ: لَا بَأْسَ بِهَا، إِنَّ فِي الزَّبُورِ مَكْتُوبًا: سَبِّحُوا اللَّهَ فِي قُدْسِهِ، سَبِّحُوهُ حَسَبَ كَثْرَةِ عَظَمَتِهِ، سَبِّحُوهُ بِصَوْتِ الصُّورِ، سَبِّحُوهُ بِرَبَابٍ وَعُودٍ، سَبِّحُوهُ بِدُفٍّ وَرَقْصٍ، سَبِّحُوهُ بِأَوْتَارٍ وَمِزْمَارٍ، سَبِّحُوهُ بِصُنُوجِ التَّصْوِيتِ، سَبِّحُوهُ بِصُنُوجِ الْهُتَافِ! ثُمَّ قَالَ: إِنَّ الصُّوفِيَّةَ يَخْلِطُونَ الْحَقَّ بِالْبَاطِلِ!

Translation of the saying:

Isa ibn Abd al-Hamid al-Jowzajani informed us, he said: I asked Mansoor about singing and playing musical instruments in remembrance of Allah and His praise. So he said: “There is nothing wrong with it. Indeed, it is written in the Psalms: ‘Praise God in his sanctuary! Praise him according to his excellent greatness! Praise him with trumpet sound! Praise him with lute and harp! Praise him with tambourine and dance! Praise him with strings and pipe! Praise him with sounding cymbals! Praise him with loud clashing cymbals!’” Then he said: “Indeed, the Sufis mix the truth with falsehood!”

Explanation of the saying:

When he deemed singing, playing musical instruments, and dancing in remembrance of Allah and His praise permissible, he remembered that the Sufis engage in these practices. Therefore, he said: “Indeed, the Sufis mix the truth with falsehood,” to draw attention to the point that not all their actions are wrong. Rather, they mix true actions with false ones. For example, they combine singing, playing musical instruments, and dancing in remembrance of Allah and His praise, which are not problematic in themselves, with superstitious beliefs, Sufi poetry, self-invented invocations, and unconventional movements, which are problematic.

For further explanations regarding the rulings on ghina and music, please refer to Q&A 157.

↑[1] . Al-Waqi‘ah/ 25
↑[2] . An-Nisa/ 38
↑[3] . Al-Isra/ 64
↑[4] . An-Nisa/ 140
↑[5] . Al-Qasas/ 55
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