Thursday, March 20, 2025 AD / Ramadan 20, 1446 AH
Mansoor Hashemi Khorasani
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Question & Answer
 

I have some questions about what Shias do in mourning for Imam Husain and the rest of the Ahl al-Bayt (peace be upon them). I read the sayings of Allamah Khorasani about this matter, but I did not find the answers in them. The questions are as follows:

1. Is Ziyarat Ashura authentic? Is it permissible to attribute it to the Ahl al-Bayt? Some people believe that it is a Divine Hadith.

2. What is the ruling on tatbir (i.e., self-striking by dagger)? Some of their scholars believe that it is permissible.

3. Some Shias cover their bodies with mud in mourning gatherings. Is it permissible?

4. What is the ruling on walking in mourning processions? It is very common in Iran.

5. They say that it is obligatory to recite epic poems about Imam Husain (peace be upon him) and make noise and commotion on the day of Ashura to oppose the actions of the Umayyads. How true is this statement?

6. Allamah Mansoor believes that Imam Mahdi (peace be upon him) is alive at present. Does he participate in mourning gatherings, as many Shia scholars claim?

The answers to your questions are as follows:

1. The Ziyarat text known as Zyarat Ashura, is not authentic in terms of its chain of narrators; since it has been narrated by only “Alqamah ibn Muhammad al-Hadrami,” whose status is unknown, and it has two routes of narration from him. In one of them, there is “Muhammad ibn Musa al-Hamdani,” who is accused of exaggeration, lying, and fabricating hadith, and in the other, there is “Uqbah ibn Qays,” who is unknown.

2. Allamah Mansoor (may Allah protect him) believes that striking bodies with hands and chains is not permissible. It is hereby understood that a fortiori tatbir is not permissible in his opinion. One of our companions informed us, he said:

«مَرَّ الْمَنْصُورُ عَلَى طَائِفَةٍ مِنَ الشِّيعَةِ يَجْرَحُونَ أَنْفُسَهُمْ فِي الطَّرِيقِ، وَكَانَ يَوْمَ عَاشُورَاءَ، فَقَالَ لِي: أَمَجَانِينُ هَؤُلَاءَ؟! فَسَمِعَ أَحَدُهُمْ قَوْلَهُ، فَقَالَ: نَعَمْ وَاللَّهِ، مَجَانِينُ الْحُسَيْنِ! فَقَالَ لَهُ: هَلَّا كُنْتُمْ عُقَلَاءَهُ؟! فَلَوْ كَانَ لَهُ عُقَلَاءُ لَمْ يُقْتَلْ! ثُمَّ مَضَى وَتَرَكَ الرَّجُلَ كَأَنَّهُ مَصْعُوقٌ، فَقُلْتُ لَهُ: جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ، مَا أَرَدْتَ بِالْعُقَلَاءِ؟ قَالَ: رِجَالٌ يَصِفُونَ الْعَدْلَ، ثُمَّ لَا يُخَالِفُونَهُ إِلَى غَيْرِهِ»; “Mansoor passed by a group of Shias who were injuring themselves on the road, and it was the day of Ashura. He said to me: ‘Are these people crazy?!’ Then one of them heard his words and said: ‘Yes, by Allah! We are crazy ones of Husain!’ He said: ‘Why are you not rational ones of him?! If he had rational ones, he would not have been killed!’ Then he moved on and left the man, as if he was stunned. I said to him: ‘May I be sacrificed for you! What did you mean by “rational ones”?’ He said: ‘Men who describe justice and do not act against it for something else.’”

3. Covering the body with mud is foolishness and has no basis in Sharia.

4. Allamah Mansoor (may Allah protect him) has prohibited «الضَّرْبِ فِي الْأَرْضِ بِآلَاتِ اللَّهْوِ مَعَ الرَّايَاتِ وَالْأَعْلَامِ الْمُبْتَدَعَةِ»; “marching on the ground with invented flags and signs” and said: «كُلُّ ذَلِكَ بِدْعَةٌ، وَكُلُّ بِدْعَةٍ ضَلَالَةٌ، وَكُلُّ ضَلَالَةٍ سَبِيلُهَا إِلَى النَّارِ»[1]; “All of them are Bid’ah, and every Bid’ah is misguidance, and every misguidance leads to fire.” His intended meaning of «الْأَعْلَامِ الْمُبْتَدَعَةِ»; “invented signs” is the heavy metal structures in the shape of a cross that Shias use, with erected branches, fabrics, and statues on top, carried by their foolish ones. It appears that they have taken them from the Christians, as they were among their old follies, and they are still seen in their countries.

5. Allamah Mansoor (may Allah protect him) has permitted crying for the Ahl al-Bayt and reciting poetry about them, provided that the content is correct. However, making noise and commotion is not correct, but rather may be forbidden; because Allah Almighty has said: ﴿وَاغْضُضْ مِنْ صَوْتِكَ ۚ إِنَّ أَنْكَرَ الْأَصْوَاتِ لَصَوْتُ الْحَمِيرِ[2]; “And lower your voice, for the ugliest of all voices is the voice of donkeys.” It is also the case with reciting poetry in a manner similar to singing amusing songs, which has become widespread among Shias in recent years, and its reason is the silence of their scholars about everything they do in the name of the Ahl al-Bayt, if there are any scholars left among them!

6. Imam Mahdi may attend mourning gatherings for Imam Husain and his other oppressed ancestors as long as they do not involve any sins, but if there is a sin involved, he does not attend; because he does not witness sins when he is unable to prohibit them, considering that Allah Almighty has said: ﴿وَالَّذِينَ لَا يَشْهَدُونَ الزُّورَ وَإِذَا مَرُّوا بِاللَّغْوِ مَرُّوا كِرَامًا[3]; “And those who do not witness falsehood and when they pass by idle talk, they pass by with dignity”; as Allamah Mansoor (may Allah protect him) attended a mourning gathering for Imam Husain but left it when he saw an innovation or falsehood in it. One of our companions informed us, he said:

«دَخَلَ الْمَنْصُورُ بَيْتًا فِيهِ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنَ الشِّيعَةِ يَذْكُرُونَ مَصَائِبَ حُسَيْنٍ وَيَبْكُونَ عَلَيْهِ، فَجَلَسَ فِيهِمْ حَتَّى قَالَ قَائِلُهُمْ: أَنَا كَلْبُ حُسَيْنٍ! فَلَمَّا قَالَ ذَلِكَ قَامَ الْمَنْصُورُ وَخَرَجَ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ: وَاللَّهِ مَا جَاءَهُمْ حُسَيْنٌ لِيَكُونُوا كِلَابًا! أَلَمْ يَعْلَمُوا أَنَّ الْمَلَائِكَةَ لَا يَدْخُلُونَ بَيْتًا فِيهِ كَلْبٌ؟! ثُمَّ ذَهَبَ حَتَّى دَخَلَ بَيْتًا آخَرَ فِيهِ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنَ الشِّيعَةِ يَذْكُرُونَ مَصَائِبَ حُسَيْنٍ وَيَبْكُونَ عَلَيْهِ، فَجَلَسَ فِيهِمْ حَتَّى وَضَعُوا ثِيَابَهُمْ وَضَرَبُوا صُدُورَهُمْ فِي صَفٍّ وَاحِدٍ، فَلَمَّا فَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ قَامَ الْمَنْصُورُ وَخَرَجَ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ: نُرَافِقُكُمْ فِي السُّنَّةِ وَنُفَارِقُكُمْ فِي الْبِدْعَةِ»[4]; “Mansoor entered a house where a group of Shia were remembering Hussain’s sufferings and crying for him, so he sat among them until their preacher said: I am Hussain’s dog! So when he said this, Mansoor got up and went out while saying: By Allah, Hussain did not come to them so that they would be dogs! Did they not know that angels do not enter a house where there is a dog in it?! Then he went to another house where a group of Shia were remembering the sufferings of Hussain and crying for him, so he sat among them until they took off their clothing and hit their chest in a single row, so when they did this, Mansoor got up and went out while saying: We will accompany you in Sunnah and we will leave you in Bid’ah!”

7. The only thing that has been commanded in the authentic narrations from the Ahl al-Bayt is to mention their sufferings and cry for them. Whoever goes beyond this in any way is not rewarded and may even be sinful.

↑[1] . Saying 41, passage 1
↑[2] . Luqman/ 19
↑[3] . Al-Furqan/ 72
↑[4] . Saying 41, passage 9
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