is unable to know good and bad and is compelled to view his likes as good and his dislikes as bad; as they say: «حُبُّ الشَّيْءِ يُعْمِي وَيُصِمُّ»; “Loving something makes one blind and deaf,” meaning that liking something before knowing it affects knowing it and leads to not recognizing its badness, just as disliking something before knowing it affects knowing it and leads to not recognizing its goodness. Therefore, liking or disliking something before knowing it is not reasonable, but it is reasonable after knowing it; because liking something is based on its goodness, and disliking something is based on its badness, and goodness and badness are realities outside the human self that do not follow his inner feelings. Moreover, his inner feelings are not only unlinked to reality but also as numerous as people, and this creates nothing but conflict, which is the source of destruction; as Allah Almighty has said: ﴿وَلَوِ اتَّبَعَ الْحَقُّ أَهْوَاءَهُمْ لَفَسَدَتِ السَّمَاوَاتُ وَالْأَرْضُ وَمَنْ فِيهِنَّ﴾[1]; “And if the truth had followed their desires, the heavens and the Earth and all that is in them would have perished.” Therefore, a person’s desires must be subject to his knowing, rather than his knowing being subject to his desires; because if his knowing is subject to his desires, he may not like the truth and consider it falsehood; as Allah Almighty has said: ﴿أَفَكُلَّمَا جَاءَكُمْ رَسُولٌ بِمَا لَا تَهْوَى أَنْفُسُكُمُ اسْتَكْبَرْتُمْ فَفَرِيقًا كَذَّبْتُمْ وَفَرِيقًا تَقْتُلُونَ﴾[2]; “Whenever a Messenger came to you with something your selves did not like, did you then grow arrogant, so you denied some of them and killed some of them?!” and: ﴿لَقَدْ جِئْنَاكُمْ بِالْحَقِّ وَلَكِنَّ أَكْثَرَكُمْ لِلْحَقِّ كَارِهُونَ﴾[3]; “Indeed, We have brought you the truth, but most of you dislike the truth!” Rather, sometimes a person’s aversion to the truth becomes so intense that he would rather die than accept it, like those about whom Allah Almighty has said: ﴿وَإِذْ قَالُوا اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ كَانَ هَذَا هُوَ الْحَقَّ مِنْ عِنْدِكَ فَأَمْطِرْ عَلَيْنَا حِجَارَةً مِنَ السَّمَاءِ أَوِ ائْتِنَا بِعَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ﴾[4]; “And when they said: ‘O Allah! If this is indeed the truth from You, then rain down a stone upon us from the sky or bring us a painful punishment!’”