Fourth; fundamentals of Islam

Islam is originally based on cognition of Allah, which is achieved by Allah; because there is nothing more known than Him to be a means of knowing Him; like light that is seen by itself and acts as a means of seeing everything else; as Allah Almighty has said: ﴿اللَّهُ نُورُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ﴾[1]; “Allah is the light of the heavens and the earth”; in view of the fact that whatever can be seen is seen by light, and therefore, seeing it before seeing the light is not possible, and in the same manner, whatever exists exists by Allah, and therefore, its existence is not possible before the existence of Allah, and consequently, knowing Allah is a means of knowing it and precedes it in this respect, although it is being neglected due to it being excessively self-evident.

[Oneness of Allah]

As for cognition of Allah, it necessitates His Oneness in the sense of knowing that He is One; because the existence of all created beings in the universe is one, although the essence of them, which is the measures of their existence, is various, and what is one inevitably originates from one origin; considering that it cannot originate from various origins, and the oneness of the origin is proven in three dimensions:

[Allah is One in genesis]

The first dimension is genesis in the sense of the creation, provision of sustenance, and management of created beings; considering that creating them in the sense of bringing them into existence and ordaining them by two origins necessitates contradiction, while there is no contradiction among them, but rather harmony is seen; as Allah Almighty has said: ﴿مَا تَرَى فِي خَلْقِ الرَّحْمَنِ مِنْ تَفَاوُتٍ﴾[2]; “You do not see any discrepancy in the creation of Allah”; especially considering that contradiction necessitates corruption in the sense of disorder in the order of the universe; as Allah Almighty has said: ﴿لَوْ كَانَ فِيهِمَا آلِهَةٌ إِلَّا اللَّهُ لَفَسَدَتَا﴾[3]; “If there had been gods other than Allah in them, they would have been annihilated,” and said: ﴿إِذًا لَذَهَبَ كُلُّ إِلَهٍ بِمَا خَلَقَ وَلَعَلَا بَعْضُهُمْ عَلَى بَعْضٍ﴾[4]; “In that case, each god would have certainly taken away what he created, and some of them would have certainly overpowered some others,”