However, what is surprising is that it exists among Muslims; because a group of Muslims in the second and third centuries of the Hijra, influenced by some political factors during the Umayyad rule and driven by a desire to justify the discord among the Sahabah, inherited this atheistic belief and believed that the truth is subject to the opinion of a mujtahid and multiplies with the multiplicity of his opinion! According to the supposition of this group, called the “Musawwibah,” whatever the mujtahid considers true is true in the sight of Allah, and whatever the mujtahid does not consider true is not true in the sight of Allah! Based on this, the mujtahid does not follow the opinion of Allah; rather, Allah follows the opinion of the mujtahid and makes the truth conform to his opinion! One might imagine that this is a rare and obsolete theory expressed by a small group of ignorant Muslims. However, the fact is that it is attributed to most of the Ash‘arites and many of the Mu‘tazilites, with figures such as Abu Hanifa (d. 150 AH), Malik (d. 179 AH), al-Shafi‘i (d. 204 AH) and ibn Hanbal (d. 241 AH) mentioned among them, although it is not established and is subject to disagreement[1].

[Pluralists]

In any case, this wrong approach, like many other wrong approaches that were prevalent among earlier generations, has been passed down to later generations and can be observed today among a number of Muslims. In addition, nowadays another group has emerged, called the “Pluralists,” who explicitly believe in the multiplicity of the truth and its knowledge, and they approve of different interpretations of a single text. There is no doubt that this current is not Islamic, and it has emerged under the influence of atheistic currents;