Based on this, relying on the basis derived from the rule of a number of the Sahabah and the rulers after them to know the basis of governance in Islam is contrary to principle and has no foundation in Sharia. It is also in clear contradiction to the intellect; because the obligation for Muslims to pledge allegiance to someone whose rule is accepted only by one or a few individuals among them is foolish. Similarly, the obligation for them to pledge allegiance to someone whose rule is accepted only by the previous ruler is unreasonable, and the obligation for them to pledge allegiance to someone who has risen to power through the shedding of the blood of Muslims is abhorrent.

From here, it is understood that the reference point for the foundation of governance in Islam—just like that of other beliefs and deeds—must be Islam itself, not the statements or actions of some Muslims! Governance in Islam is of two kinds, with no third: one is the governance of Allah, and the other is the governance of taghut. As for the governance of Allah, it is the governance of one who rules by the command of Allah, such as the governance of the family of Ibrahim (peace be upon him), about whom Allah has said: ﴿وَجَعَلْنَاهُمْ أَئِمَّةً يَهْدُونَ بِأَمْرِنَا﴾[1]; “And We made them leaders who guide by Our command.” As for the governance of taghut, it is the governance of one who rules without the command of Allah, such as the governance of the house of Pharaoh, about whom Allah has said: ﴿وَجَعَلْنَاهُمْ أَئِمَّةً يَدْعُونَ إِلَى النَّارِ﴾[2]; “And We made them leaders who invite to the fire.” Based on this, the governance of one whom Allah has appointed for it is the governance of Allah, and the governance of one whom Allah has not appointed for it is the governance of taghut. This is an extremely simple and clear principle.

According to this principle, the supreme goal of all the Prophets has been the realization of the governance of Allah and the elimination of the governance of taghut; as Allah Almighty has said: ﴿وَلَقَدْ بَعَثْنَا فِي كُلِّ أُمَّةٍ رَسُولًا أَنِ اعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ وَاجْتَنِبُوا الطَّاغُوتَ﴾[3]; “And indeed, We sent to every nation a Prophet, (saying:) ‘Worship Allah and avoid taghut.’” Accordingly, the supreme goal of the last Prophet was also the same; considering that accepting sovereignty in Islam is an example of worship, and whoever accepts the sovereignty of anyone other than Allah has, in reality, worshiped taghut;